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Tokenized Mutual Fund (TMF)

Higher-risk mutual fund (AIFMD/UCITS) with variable NAV. Transition from TMMF or direct purchase. Target yield ~6-8% (not guaranteed).

Tokenized Mutual Fund (TMF)

In Plain English

This is like a mutual fund — higher risk but higher reward (~6-8% target). Your money is invested in bonds and other assets, so the value goes up and down. It's like having a professionally managed investment portfolio that you can buy instantly — redemption is subject to a T+2 cooldown period (per UCITS rules). Banks offer this as a next step after TMMF: start with the safe savings account, then move to this for higher returns as you get more comfortable with investing.

Higher-risk mutual fund with variable NAV. Structured as an AIF (Alternative Investment Fund) under AIFMD, or UCITS for retail investors — subject to MiFID II suitability requirements. Built on a layered ERC standard stack: ERC-3643/T-REX (permissioned shell), ERC-4626 (vault accounting), ERC-7540 (async redemption for T+2 settlement), ERC-1643 (prospectus/KID/KIID anchoring). Supervised by FSMA under Belgian Law of 11 December 2025.

Industry Reference: How Banks Offer TMF (Tokenized Mutual Funds)
BNY Mellon + Goldman Sachs (July 2025) — Launched the first U.S. tokenized money market fund platform. Goldman issues shares in its Blueprint money market fund. BNY handles custody and investor onboarding. Tokens ("Fundshare") recorded on Goldman's private blockchain (GS DAP). Major firms including BlackRock, Fidelity, and Federated Hermes joined the rollout.
UBS uMINT (November 2024) — First tokenized investment fund from UBS Asset Management. Built on Ethereum + Polygon. Uses Chainlink Digital Transfer Agent (DTA) for compliance. Distributed via DigiFT (regulated on-chain fund distributor).
JPMorgan Onyx (2025) — Launched its first tokenized money market fund. Onyx Digital Assets platform handles billions in tokenized short-term investments. Leverages blockchain for real-time settlement and reduced counterparty risk.
Key Pattern: Tokenized mutual funds are structured as traditional regulated funds (UCITS/AIFMD) with blockchain as the settlement layer. The token is a digital representation of fund shares, not a new asset class. Compliance (KYC/AML, investor accreditation) is handled off-chain by the fund administrator or transfer agent. The blockchain provides real-time settlement, 24/7/365 transferability among approved investors, and automated dividend distribution.

Architecture Flow — TMF (ERC-4626 Vault)

Standards used: ERC-3643/T-REX (permissioned shell + ONCHAINID), ERC-4626 (vault accounting), ERC-7540 (async redemption), ERC-1643 (prospectus/KID anchoring), FATF Travel Rule (KYC-gated), oracle price feeds (variable NAV).

1
KYC + Accreditation Check
On-Chain

IdentityRegistry.checkCompliance() — FATF Travel Rule: investor must be verified + accredited (higher threshold than TMMF).

2
Variable NAV Update (Oracle)
Oracle Feed

NAV updated daily via Chainlink-style push oracle: authorized oracle submitter (asset management team) calls updateNAV(newNAV). Circuit breaker: if NAV hasn't been updated in 48 hours, all deposits/redeems freeze automatically. NAV is market-driven (more volatile than TMMF). ERC-4626: getNAV() returns current share value.

3
Purchase TMF Shares (ERC-4626)
ERC-4626

Direct: TMF.purchaseWithEURTokens() — restricted to EUR tokens (MiCA CASP compliance). USDC requires separate authorization.

From TMMF: requestTMFTransition() — burns TMMF shares, mints TMF shares based on NAV ratio.

4
Yield Distribution
ERC-4626

YieldDistributionEngine distributes yield (~6-8% target) proportionally to all TMF shareholders.

5
Redeem Shares (ERC-4626)
ERC-4626

vault.redeem(shares) — investor redeems for pro-rata assets. ERC-4626 assumes immediate redemption, so lock-up is implemented via a withdrawal queue pattern: investor calls requestRedeem(shares) → 2-day cooldown → executeRedeem() releases assets. This satisfies UCITS T+2 redemption rules while using the ERC-4626 vault interface.

1
Investor completes KYC via IdentityRegistry
2
Asset management team updates TMF NAV via oracle
3
Investor purchases TMF shares with EUR tokens or USDC
4
Investor redeems shares for pro-rata assets
Transition from TMMF to TMF

Banks offer product upselling: start with low-risk TMMF, then transition to higher-yield TMF. This is how retail banks guide customers from savings accounts to investment products.

Hold TMMF
€1.0000 NAV
requestTMFTransition
burn + mint
Get TMF
Variable NAV
NAV Conversion Math
You hold
100 TMMF shares × €1.0000 = €100.00
TMF NAV = €1.05
€100.00 ÷ €1.05 = 95.24 TMF shares
Cross-Contract Trust Model

How does TMMF trust TMF to burn its shares? The TMF contract address is whitelisted in the TMMF contract's authorizedTransitions[] array. Only the TMF contract can call burnFromTMMF(tmmfShares) on the TMMF contract. This is a one-way trust: TMMF trusts TMF to burn TMMF shares, and TMF trusts TMMF to verify the user has approved the transfer. The TMF contract address is immutable once set at deployment — no admin can change it. This prevents phishing attacks where a malicious contract impersonates TMF.

TMMF (Money Market)
• Low risk, aims to maintain stable NAV (€1.0000)
• Stable NAV (€1.0000)
• ~4.5% annual yield
• Daily liquidity
TMF (Mutual Fund)
• Higher risk, higher return
• Variable NAV (market-driven)
• ~6-8% annual yield (target)
• Redemption T+2 per UCITS rules
Proof-of-Reserve for EUR Tokens

Every EUR token is backed 1:1 by real EUR deposits. Third-party attestations verify the reserve monthly, using Merkle-proof technology similar to Circle's USDC model.

Monthly Attestation
Independent auditor verifies 1:1 EUR backing
Merkle Proof
On-chain merkle root allows public verification
Custodian Address
Reserve custodian address stored in IdentityRegistry
Direct TMF Purchase with Tokenized Deposits

Customers can purchase TMF directly with their tokenized EUR deposits or USDC. This is how banks offer investment products alongside deposit accounts.

Customer deposits EUR → receives EUR tokens (1:1 backing)
Customer approves EUR tokens for the TMF contract to spend
Customer calls TMF.purchaseWithEURTokens() — EUR tokens are burned and TMF shares are minted based on the current NAV
Customer now holds TMF shares with variable NAV and ~6-8% target yield

Fund Details

Fund Type Mutual Fund (TMF)
Risk Level Higher Risk
Minimum Investment €500
Current NAV €1.05
24h Change +0.15%
Target Annual Yield ~6-8%
NAV Updates Daily oracle push (12:00 CET cutoff)
Liquidity May have lock-up periods
Transition From TMMF (Money Market)

TMF NAV Update Simulation

Simulate how the asset management team updates the TMF NAV and how variable pricing works.

TMF NAV History (last 50 updates) €1.05
Your TMF Status
TMF NAV €1.05
Your TMF Shares 0
Target Yield ~6-8%
Click buttons above to simulate TMF NAV updates